Elia el Lazkani
5 months ago
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title = "Deploying Traefik and Pihole on the Swarm home cluster" |
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author = ["Elia el Lazkani"] |
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date = 2022-08-25 |
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lastmod = 2022-08-25 |
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tags = ["docker", "linux", "arm", "ansible", "traefik", "pihole", "swarm", "raspberry-pi"] |
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categories = ["container"] |
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draft = false |
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|
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In the [previous post]({{< relref "raspberry-pi-container-orchestration-and-swarm-right-at-home" >}}), we setup a _Swarm_ cluster. That's fine and dandy but that |
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cluster, as far as we're concerned, is useless. Let's change that. |
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<!--more--> |
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## Traefik {#traefik} |
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I've talked and played with _Traefik_ previously on this blog and here we go |
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again, with another orchestration technology. As always, we need an ingress to |
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our cluster. _Traefik_ makes a great ingress that's easily configurable with `labels`. |
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Let's not forget, we're working with _Swarm_ this time around. _Swarm_ stacks |
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look very similar to `docker-compose` manifests. |
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But, before we do that, there is a small piece of information that we need to be |
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aware of. For _Traefik_ to be able to route traffic to our services, both |
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_Traefik_ and the service need to be on the same network. Let's make this a bit |
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more predictable and manage that network ourselves. |
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<div class="admonition warning"> |
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<p class="admonition-title">warning</p> |
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Only `leader` and `manager` nodes will allow interaction with the _Swarm_ |
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cluster. The `worker` nodes will not give you any useful information about the |
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cluster. |
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</div> |
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### Network Configuration {#network-configuration} |
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We started with _Ansible_ and we shall continue with _Ansible_. We begin with |
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creating the network. |
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```yaml |
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--- |
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- name: Create a Traefik Ingress network |
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community.docker.docker_network: |
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name: traefik-ingress |
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driver: overlay |
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scope: swarm |
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``` |
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### Ingress {#ingress} |
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Once the network is in place, we can go ahead and deploy _Traefik_. |
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<div class="admonition warning"> |
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<p class="admonition-title">warning</p> |
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This setup is not meant to be deploy in a **production** setting. **SSL** |
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certificates require extra configuration steps that might come in a future post. |
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</div> |
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```yaml |
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--- |
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- name: Deploy Traefik Stack |
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community.docker.docker_stack: |
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state: present |
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name: Traefik |
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compose: |
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- version: '3' |
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services: |
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traefik: |
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image: traefik:latest |
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restart: unless-stopped |
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command: |
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- --entrypoints.web.address=:80 |
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- --providers.docker=true |
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- --providers.docker.swarmMode=true |
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- --accesslog |
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- --log.level=INFO |
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- --api |
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- --api.insecure=true |
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ports: |
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- "80:80" |
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volumes: |
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- "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro" |
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networks: |
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- traefik-ingress |
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deploy: |
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replicas: 1 |
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resources: |
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limits: |
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cpus: '1' |
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memory: 80M |
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reservations: |
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cpus: '0.5' |
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memory: 40M |
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placement: |
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constraints: |
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- node.role == manager |
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labels: |
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- traefik.protocol=http |
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- traefik.docker.network=traefik-ingress |
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- traefik.http.routers.traefik-api.rule=Host(`traefik.our-domain.com`) |
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- traefik.http.routers.traefik-api.service=api@internal |
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- traefik.http.services.taefik-api.loadbalancer.server.port=8080 |
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networks: |
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traefik-ingress: |
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external: true |
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``` |
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<div class="admonition note"> |
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<p class="admonition-title">Note</p> |
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Even though these are _Ansible_ tasks, _Swarm_ stack manifests are not much |
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different as I'm using mostly the raw format. |
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</div> |
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Let's talk a bit about what we did. |
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`--providers.docker=true` and `--providers.docker.swarmMode=true` |
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: We |
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configure _Traefik_ to enable both _docker_ and _swarm_ mode providers. |
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`--api` and `--api-insecure=true` |
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: We enable the API which offers the UI |
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and we allow it to run insecure. |
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The rest, I believe, have been explained in the previous blog post. |
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If everything went well, and we configured our _DNS_ properly, we should be |
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welcomed by a _Traefik_ dashboard on `traefik.our-domain.com`. |
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## Pi-hole {#pi-hole} |
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Now I know most people install the _Pi-hole_ straight on the _Pi_. Well, I'm not |
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most people and I'd like to deploy it in a container. I feel it's easier all |
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around than installing it on the system, you'll see. |
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```yaml |
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--- |
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- name: Deploy PiHole Stack |
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community.docker.docker_stack: |
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state: present |
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name: PiHole |
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compose: |
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- version: '3' |
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services: |
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pihole: |
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image: pihole/pihole:latest |
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restart: unless-stopped |
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ports: |
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- "53:53" |
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- "53:53/udp" |
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cap_add: |
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- NET_ADMIN |
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environment: |
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TZ: "Europe/Vienna" |
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VIRTUAL_HOST: pihole.our-domain.com |
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VIRTUAL_PORT: 80 |
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healthcheck: |
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test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:80/"] |
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interval: 30s |
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timeout: 20s |
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retries: 3 |
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volumes: |
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- /opt/pihole/data/pihole-config:/etc/pihole |
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- /opt/pihole/data/pihole-dnsmasq.d:/etc/dnsmasq.d |
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networks: |
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- traefik-ingress |
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deploy: |
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replicas: 1 |
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placement: |
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constraints: |
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- node.role == worker |
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labels: |
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- traefik.docker.network=traefik-ingress |
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- traefik.http.routers.pihole-http.entrypoints=web |
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- traefik.http.routers.pihole-http.rule=Host(`pihole.our-domain.com`) |
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- traefik.http.routers.pihole-http.service=pihole-http |
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- traefik.http.services.pihole-http.loadbalancer.server.port=80 |
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- traefik.http.routers.pihole-http.middlewares=pihole-main |
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- traefik.http.middlewares.pihole-main.chain.middlewares=frame-deny,browser-xss-filter |
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- traefik.http.middlewares.frame-deny.headers.framedeny=true |
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- traefik.http.middlewares.browser-xss-filter.headers.browserxssfilter=true |
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networks: |
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traefik-ingress: |
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external: true |
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``` |
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We make sure to expose port `53` for **DNS** on all nodes, and configure the |
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proper `labels` to our service so that _Traefik_ can pick it up. |
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Once deployed and your _DNS_ is pointing properly then `pihole.our-domain.com` |
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is waiting for you. This also shows us that the networking between nodes works |
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properly. Let's test it out. |
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```shell |
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$ nslookup duckduckgo.com pihole.our-domain.com |
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Server: pihole.our-domain.com |
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Address: 192.168.1.100#53 |
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Non-authoritative answer: |
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Name: duckduckgo.com |
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Address: 52.142.124.215 |
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``` |
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Alright, seems that our _Pi-hole_ works. |
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## Conclusion {#conclusion} |
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On these small Raspberry Pis, the cluster seems to be working very well. The |
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_Pi-hole_ has been running without any issues for a few days running my internal |
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_DNS_. There's a few improvements that can be done to this setup, mainly the |
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deployment of an _SSL_ cert. That may come in the future, time permitting. Stay |
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safe, until the next one ! |
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